- to warn, guide or protect
- immediately decipherable
- independent of culture
- internationally recognisable
Semantics
- dependent on context, knowledge, society and culture
- sign and meaning
Syntactics
- set of rules, principles and processes that govern the structure of how the signs fit together
- formal
- unambiguous
- succinct
Pragmatics
- context contributes to meaning of sign
Indicative: informs receiver
Imperative: influence receivers behaviour
Suggestive: sets off feelings within the receiver
The square
- standing on corner is disquieting
- indicates certain intention
The triangle
- obtain a direction
The circle
- rounded forms with the senses rather than the mind
The arrow
- expression of a movement or direction is produced in some form

Pentagram: Directional signage for LCC

Harry Beck: London underground
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Stingemore |
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Beck |
The original London underground map by F.H. Stingemore took distance into consideration, making the information displayed in central London very overcrowded and hard to read. The purpose of the map was to inform the user on which train line would lead to certain paces, so the actual distance accuracy is not necessarily that important. With this in mind, Beck was able to enlarge the central area of the map so that the complicated connexions could be more clearly shown. He also made the design decision to limit the line directions to vertical, horizontal and 45°.
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